Rabies virus belongs to the order Mononegavirales, viruses with a nonsegmented, negative-stranded RNA genome. Itis a vaccine-preventable, zoonotic, viral disease affecting the central nervous system. Once clinical symptoms appear, rabies is virtually 100% fatal. Dogs are the main source of human rabies deaths, contributing up to 99% of all rabies transmissions to humans. Rabies can be prevented through the vaccination of dogs and the prevention of dog bites. It spreads to people and animals

Brucellosis, also known as Mediterranean relaxation fever, Maltese fever or wave fever, is commonly known as lazy man's disease.It is a bacterial disease caused by variousBrucellaspecies, which mainly infect cattle, swine, goats, sheep and dogs. Humans generally acquire the disease through direct contact with infected animals, by eating or drinking contaminated animal products or by inhaling airborne agents. Brucellosis is found globally and is a reportable disease in most countries. It aff

Anthrax is a rare but serious infectious disease caused by bacteria known asBacillus anthracis. Bacillus anthracis is a Gram-positive and rod-shaped bacterium that causes anthrax, a deadly disease to livestock and, occasionally, to humans. It is the only permanent pathogen within the genus Bacillus. Humans generally acquire the disease directly or indirectly from infected animals, or through occupational exposure to infected or contaminated animal products. Worldwide, the estimated incidenc

Plague is an infectious disease caused by the bacteria Yersinia pestis, a zoonotic bacteria, usually found in small mammals and their fleas. It is transmitted between animals through fleas.Plague is a very severe disease in people, particularly in its septicaemic and pneumonic forms, with a case-fatality ratio of 30% to 100% if left untreated. People infected with the plague usually develop acute febrile disease with other non-specific systemic symptoms after an incubation period of one to

Ross River virus is an infection spread by mosquitoes. Symptoms include joint pain, fever and rash. Most people feel better within a few weeks, but sometimes it can take a few months. There is no cure for the Ross River virus, but pain relief medicines can help control your symptoms. The best way to prevent the Ross River virus is to avoid mosquito bites. The BioPerfectus Ross River Virus Real Time PCR Kit is a real-time PCR research assay for the qualitative analysis of Ross River virus RN

Rift Valley fever (RVF) is a member of thePhlebovirusgenus. It is a viral zoonosis that primarily affects animals but can also infect humans. Outbreaks of RVF can have major societal impacts, including significant economic losses and trade reductions. The disease most commonly affects livestock, causing severe illness and abortion in domesticated animals, an important income source for many. The majority of human infections result from direct or indirect contact with the blood or organs of

Nipah virus(NiV) is a member of the familyParamyxoviridae, genusHenipavirus. Itis a zoonotic virus and can also be transmitted through contaminated food or directly between people. Human infections range from asymptomatic infection to acute respiratory infection (mild, severe) and fatal encephalitis. The incubation period (interval from infection to the onset of symptoms) is believed to range from 4 to 14 days. However, an incubation period of as long as 45 days has been reported. The case

Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease found in parts of the tropics, subtropics, and southern Europe. It is classified as a neglected tropical disease (NTD). Leishmaniasis is caused by infection with Leishmania parasites, which are spread by the bite of phlebotomine sand flies. There are several different forms of leishmaniasis in people. The most common forms are cutaneous leishmaniasis, which causes skin sores, and visceral leishmaniasis, which affects several internal organs (usually the spl

Lassa fever virus is a single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the virus family Arenaviridae. It is a zoonotic and acute viral illnessspread by the common African rat. First discovered in 1969 in Lassa, Nigeria, it caused two missionary nurses died. About 80% of people infected with Lassa virus have no symptoms. The incubation period of Lassa fever ranges from 621 days. When it is symptomatic,it is usually gradual, starting with fever, general weakness, and malaise.Death usually occurs withi

Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is a flavivirus related to dengue, yellow fever and West Nile viruses, and is spread by mosquitoes. JEV is the main cause of viral encephalitis in many countries of Asia with an estimated 68 000 clinical cases every year. Although symptomatic Japanese encephalitis (JE) is rare, the case-fatality rate among those with encephalitis can be as high as 30%. Permanent neurologic or psychiatric sequelae can occur in 30%50% of those with encephalitis. 24 countries in